Professor Panos Koutrakos • City St George's, University of London

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About
Research
Publications

About

Overview

Professor Panos Koutrakos joined City University London in January 2013 as Professor of European Union Law. He is a graduate of the Universities of Athens and London, completed a stage at the European Commission in Brussels and holds a PhD from the University of Birmingham.

Professor Koutrakos has taught at the Universities of Bristol (Professor of EU Law: 2006-2012), Durham (Professor of Law: 2004-2006; Lecturer in Law: 1999-2002) and Birmingham (Reader in EU law: 2002-2004).

He has been awarded a Jean Monnet Chair in EU law by the European Commission three times (in, 2007, 2014, and 2019). He has held visiting posts at the Universities of Melbourne (2009, 2013), Sydney (2008, 2010), New South Wales (2013), Iowa (2000, 2002), Michigan (2005), and Antwerp (since 2008).

Professor Koutrakos has written extensively on the law of the external relations of the European Union, covering trade, economic and political relations as well as the Union's security and defense policy. He also writes on the law of the single market, with emphasis on the free movement of goods and services.

Professor Koutrakos is the joint editor of European Law Review, and sits on the Executive Committee of the UK Association for European Law (UKAEL).

Professor Koutrakos was called to the Bar in 2014 (Gray's Inn) and is also a member of the Athens Bar.

Qualifications

PhD, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom, 1999
LLM with merit, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, United Kingdom, 1995
LLB, University of Athens, Greece, 1994

Employment

Door tenant, Monckton Chambers, February 2016 - present
Professor of European Union Law, City, University of London, United Kingdom, 2013 - present
Jean Monnet Professor of European Law, University of Bristol, United Kingdom, 2007 - 2012
Professor of European Union Law, University of Bristol, United Kingdom, 2006 - 2012
Professor of Law, Durham University, United Kingdom, 2004 - 2006
Reader in European Union Law, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom, 2002 - 2004
Lecturer in European Union Law, Durham University, United Kingdom, 1999 - 2002

Visiting appointments

Visiting Professor, University of New South Wales, Australia, 2013
Visiting Professor, University of Melbourne, Australia, 2013
Visiting Professor, University of Sydney, Australia, 2010
Visiting Professor, University of Melbourne, Australia, 2009
Visiting Scholar, Columbia University, US, 2009 - 2010
Visiting Professor, University of Sydney, Australia, 2008
Jean Monnet Research Fellow, University of Michigan, US, 2005
Professor of Law, University of Antwerp, Belgium, 2003 - 2008
Visiting Professor, University of Iowa, US, 2002
Visiting Professor, University of Iowa, US, 2000

Research

Research Related Appointments

Joint Editor, European Law Review
Member of the Arts and Humanities Research Council Peer Review College
Member of the Advisory Board, Centre for the Law of EU External Relations, The Hague
Member of the Advisory Board of Centre for Law and Cosmopolitan Values, University of Antwerp, Belgium
Member of the Editorial Board of the Series on Law and Cosmopolitan Values published by Intersentia

Research students

Anna Labedzka

Thesis title: The European Union and Shaping of the Neighbourhood

2^ndsupervisor

Isabella Mancini, Research Student

Publications

Publications by category

Books (14)

Blockmans, S. and Koutrakos, P. (Eds.), (2018). Research Handbook on the EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN 9781785364075.
Koutrakos, P. and Snell, J. (Eds.), (2017). Research Handbook on the Law of the EU’s Internal Market. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN 9781783478095.
(2016). Exceptions from EU Free Movement Law : Derogation, Justification and Proportionality. Hart Publishing. ISBN 9781849466202.
Koutrakos, P., Shuibhne, N.N. and Syrpis, P. (2016). Exceptions from EU Free Movement Law Derogation, Justification and Proportionality Preface. ISBN 9781849466202.
Koutrakos, P. (2015). EU Law of International Relations Second Edition. ISBN 9781849463225.
(2014). The Law and Practice of Piracy at Sea : European and International Perspectives. Hart Publishing. ISBN 9781849464123.
Koutrakos, P. (2013). The EU Common Security and Defence Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Koutrakos, P. (2013). The International Responsibility of the European Union-European and International Perspectives. Evans, M. (Ed.), Oxford, UK and Portland: Oregon: Hart Publishing.
(2011). Beyond the Established Legal Orders : Policy Interconnections between the EU and the Rest of the World. Hart Publishing. ISBN 9781849461481.
Koutrakos, P. (2011). European Foreign Policy - Legal and Political Perspectives. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2011). Beyond the Established Orders – Policy interconnections between the EU and the Rest of the World. Evans, M. (Ed.), Oxford, UK and Portland: Oregon: Hart Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2010). Mixed Agreements Revisited -The EU and its Member States in the World. Hillion, C. (Ed.), Oxford, UK and Portland: Oregon: Hart Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2006). EU International Relations Law. Oxford, UK and Portland: Oregon: Hart Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2001). Trade, Foreign Policy and Defence in EU Constitutional Law. Oxford: UK and Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing.

Chapters (40)

Koutrakos, P. (2025). Opinion 1/75 and Exclusive European Union Competences. (pp. 131-144). Hart Publishing. ISBN 9781509954124.
Koutrakos, P. (2024). The Autonomy of EU Law in External Relations: an Elusive Principle. In Armstrong, K., Thies, A. and Scott, J. (Eds.), EU External Relations and the Power of Law: Essays in Honour of Marise Cremona Hart Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2024). International Agreements Concluded by Member States Prior to their Accession to the EU. Pursuit of Legal Harmony in A Turbulent Europe Essays in Honour of Eleanor Sharpston (pp. 563-574).
Koutrakos, P. (2022). Three Narratives on the United Kingdom’s Trade Agreements post-Brexit. In Lazowski, A. and Cygan, A. (Eds.), Research Handbook on Legal Aspects of Brexit (pp. 403-422). Cheltenham, UK: E Elgar Publishing. ISBN 9781800373136.
Koutrakos, P. (2022). EU Competence to Conclude Trade Agreements: Opinion of Advocate General Sharpston in Opinion 2/15. In Butler, G.S. and Lazowksi, A. (Eds.), Shaping EU Law the British Way UK Advocates General at the Court of Justice of the European Union (pp. 509-518). Oxford, UK: Hart Publishing. ISBN 9781509950003.
Koutrakos, P. (2022). International Agreements Concluded by Member States Prior to their EU Accession: Burgoa. EU External Relations Law Hart Publishing. ISBN 9781509939695.
Koutrakos, P. and Soņeca, V. (2022). The Future of the Istanbul Convention before the CJEU. (pp. 189-206). Hart Publishing. ISBN 9781509945870.
Koutrakos, P. (2020). Managing Brexit: trade agreements binding on the UK pursuant to its EU membership. The Routledge Handbook on the International Dimension of Brexit (pp. 75-89). Routledge. ISBN 9780367434069.
Koutrakos, P. (2019). Managing Inter-Legality. The Challenge of Inter-Legality (pp. 206-229). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108425476.
Koutrakos, P. (2019). The EU’s competence to conclude trade agreements: the EU-Singapore Opinion. In Amtenbrink, F., Davies, G., Kochenov, D. and Lindeboom, J. (Eds.), The Internal Market and the Future of European Integration Essays in Honour of Laurence W. Gormley (pp. 651-666). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108565417.
Koutrakos, P. (2018). The nexus between CFSP/CSDP and the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. Research Handbook in EU Common Foreign and Security Policy (pp. 296-311). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN 1785364073.
Blockmans, S. and Koutrakos, P. (2018). Conclusions. Research Handbook on the Eu S Common Foreign and Security Policy (pp. 496-515).
Koutrakos, P. The European Union. Conceptual and Contextual Perspectives on the Modern Law of Treaties (pp. 933-965). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107100527.
Koutrakos, P. (2017). Foreign Policy between opt-outs and closer cooperation. In De Witte, B., Ott, A. and Vos, E. (Eds.), Between Flexibility and Disintegration The Trajectory of Differentiation in EU Law (pp. 405-424). E Elgar Publishing. ISBN 9781783475889.
Koutrakos, P. and Snell, J. (2017). Internal market: An introduction. Research Handbook on the Law of the Eu S Internal Market (pp. 1-9).
Koutrakos, P. (2016). Public Security Exceptions and EU Free Movement Law. In Koutrakos, P., Nic Shuibhne, N. and Sypris, P. (Eds.), Exceptions from EU Free Movement Law (pp. 190-217). Hart Publishing Limited. ISBN 1849466203.
Bulmer, M. and Solomos, J. (2015). Introduction. (pp. 1-4). Informa UK Limited.
In Liivoja, R. and Petman, J. (Eds.), (2014). International Law-making. In Routledge.
Koutrakos, P. (2013). The European Union in the global security architecture. In Wouters, J. and Van Vooren, B. (Eds.), The Legal Dimension of Global Governance - What Role for the EU (pp. 81-94). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
De Baere, G. and Koutrakos, P. (2012). The interactions between the legislature and the judiciary in EU external relations. The Judiciary, the Legislature and the EU Internal Market (pp. 243-273). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107010055.
Koutrakos, P. (2012). The European Union's common foreign and security policy after Lisbon. The European Union after the Treaty of Lisbon (pp. 185-209). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107017573.
Koutrakos, P. and De Baere, G. (2012). The interactions between the European Court of Justice and the legislature in the European Union's external relations. The Judiciary, the Legislature and the EU Internal Market (pp. 243-273). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Koutrakos, P. The European Union's common foreign and security policy after Lisbon. In Ashiagbor, D. and Countouris, N. (Eds.), The European Union After the Treaty of Lisbon (pp. 1185-2009). Cambridge University Press.
KOUTRAKOS, P. (2011). The Non-Proliferation Policy of the European Union. In Evans, M.D. and Koutrakos, P. (Eds.), Beyond the Established Legal Orders: Policy Interconnections between the EU and the Rest of the World (pp. 249-272). Oxford: Hart Publishing. ISBN 9781849461481.
Koutrakos, P. (2011). International Agreements in the Area of the Common Security and Defence Policy. In Cannizzaro, E. and Palchetti, P. (Eds.), International Law as Law of the European Union (pp. 157-187). Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff.
Koutrakos, P. (2011). The External Dimension of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice and Other EU External Policies. In Cremona, M. and Monar, J. (Eds.), The External Relations of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (pp. 139-162). Strasbourg: Presse Interuniversitaire Europeenne/Peter Lang.
Koutrakos, P. (2011). The Emsland-Stärke test of abuse of law in the law of agriculture and free movement of goods’. In De La Feria, R. (Ed.), Prohibition of Abuse of Law: A New General Principle of EU Law? (pp. 203-217). Oxford: UK and Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2011). The nexus between the European Union's Common Security and Defence Policy and Development. In Arnull, A., Barnard, C. and Dougan, M. (Eds.), A Constitutional Order of States: Essays in EU Law in Honour of Alan Dashwood (pp. 589-608). Oxford, UK and Portland: Oregon: Hart Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2011). The role of law in Common Security and Defence Policy: functions, limitations and perceptions'. European Foreign Policy - Legal and Political Perspectives (pp. 235-258). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2010). The Interpretation of Mixed Agreements. In Hillion, C. (Ed.), Mixed Agreements Revisited - The EU and its Member States in the World (pp. 116-137). Oxford, UK and Portland: Oregon: Hart Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2009). The application of EC law to defence-related industries—changing interpretations of Article 296 EC. In Barnard, C. (Ed.), The Outer Limits of European Union Law (pp. 307-327). Oxford, UK and Portland: Oregon: Hart Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2009). Common Foreign and Security Policy: Looking Back, Thinking Forward. In Dougan, M. (Ed.), 50 Years of the European Treaties: Looking Back and Thinking Forward (pp. 159-179). Oxford: UK and Portland, Oregon: USA: Hart Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2008). Legal Basis and Delimitation of Competence in EU External Relations. In Cremona, M. (Ed.), EU Foreign Relations Law – Constitutional Fundamentals (pp. 171-198). Oxford: UK and Portland, Oregon: USA: Hart Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2007). Security and Defence Policy within the Context of EU External Relations: Issues of Coherence, Consistency, and Effectiveness. In Trybus, M. (Ed.), European Security Law (pp. 249-269). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Koutrakos, P. (2006). The external dimension of the internal market and the individual. Regulating the Internal Market (pp. 277-301). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2005). Healthcare as an Economic Service under EC Law'. In Dougan, M. (Ed.), Social Welfare and EU Law (pp. 105-130). Oxford: UK and Portland, Oregon: USA: Hart Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2004). Which policy for which Europe? – The emerging Security and Defence Policy of the European Union. In Tridimas, T. (Ed.), EU Law for the 21st Century: Rethinking the New Legal Order (pp. 273-289). Oxford: UK and Portland, Oregon: USA: Hart Publishing.
Koutrakos, P. (2002). Free movement of goods under the Europe Agreements. In Ott, A. and Inglis, C. (Eds.), Handbook on European Enlargement – A Commentary on the Enlargement Process (pp. 369-390). The Hague: T.M.C.Asser Instituut.
Koutrakos, P. (2001). Inter-pillar approaches to the European Security and Defence Policy – The economic aspects of security. The European Union and the International Legal Order: Discord or Harmony? (pp. 435-454). The Hague: T.M.C.Asser Institute Press.
Koutrakos, P. (2000). The inter-pillar approach to the legal regulation of exports of dual-use goods. A Common European Regime for Export Controls of Dual-use products? (pp. 85-103). Gothenburg: Centre for Euroepan Research, Gothenburg University.

Conference paper and proceedings

Thiele, F. and Ashcroft, R. Introduction. .doi:10.1007/3-540-26951-7_1

Internet publication

Koutrakos, P.(2011).The European Union's external relations a year after Lisbon. Centre for the Law of EU External Relations Working Papers.

Journal articles (45)

Koutrakos, P. (2024). The Draghi Report and EU Defence: A Call for Action. EUROPEAN LAW REVIEW, 49(5)
Koutrakos, P. (2022). Confronting the Complexities of Mixed Agreements—Opinion 1/19 on the Istanbul Convention. European Law Review, 47(2), pp. 247-263
[publisher’s website]
Koutrakos, P. (2021). The 2021 State of the Union Address-Thinking Big, Thinking Small. EUROPEAN LAW REVIEW, 46(5), pp. 577-578
Koutrakos, P. (2021). The UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement: Brexit is done, long live Brexit! EUROPEAN LAW REVIEW, 46(1), pp. 1-2
Koutrakos, P. (2019). The anatomy of autonomy: themes and perspectives on an elusive principle. ECB Legal conference 2019 pp. 90-103
[publisher’s website]
Koutrakos, P. (2019). More on Autonomy-Opinion 1/17 (CETA). EUROPEAN LAW REVIEW, 44(3), pp. 293-294
Koutrakos, P. (2019). The Autonomy of eu Law and International Investment Arbitration. Nordic Journal of International Law, 88(1), pp. 41-64. doi:10.1163/15718107-088010003
[publisher’s website]
Klabbers, J. and Koutrakos, P. (2019). Introduction: An Anatomy of Autonomy. Nordic Journal of International Law, 88(1), pp. 1-8. doi:10.1163/15718107-08810001
[publisher’s website]
Koutrakos, P. (2019). INSTITUTIONAL BALANCE AND SINCERE COOPERATION IN TREATY-MAKING UNDER EU LAW. International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 68(1), pp. 1-33. doi:10.1017/s0020589318000350
[publisher’s website]
Koutrakos, P. (2018). Is there More to Say about the Direct Effect of Directives? EUROPEAN LAW REVIEW, 43(5), pp. 621-622
Koutrakos, P. (2018). JUDICIAL REVIEW IN THE EU'S COMMON FOREIGN AND SECURITY POLICY. International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 67(1), pp. 1-35. doi:10.1017/s0020589317000380
[publisher’s website]
koutrakos, P. (2016). The Relevance of EU Law for Arbitral Tribunals: (Not) Managing the Lingering Tension. The Journal of World Investment & Trade, 17(6), pp. 873-894. doi:10.1163/22119000-12340020
[publisher’s website]
Koutrakos, P. (2016). Negotiating International Trade Treaties after Brexit. European Law Review, 41(4), pp. 475-478
[publisher’s website]
Koutrakos, P., Shuibhne, N.N. and Syrpis, P. (2016). Preface. Exceptions from Eu Free Movement Law Derogation Justification and Proportionality pp. ix-xi
Koutrakos, P., Shuibhne, N.N. and Syrpis, P. (2016). Preface. Exceptions from EU Free Movement Law: Derogation, Justification and Proportionality pp. ix-xi
Koutrakos, P. and Skordas, A. (2014). Introduction. Law and Practice of Piracy at Sea European and International Perspectives pp. 1-5
Evans, M. and Koutrakos, P. (2013). Introduction. International Responsibility of the European Union European and International Perspectives pp. 1-4
Evans, M. and Koutrakos, P. (2011). Introduction. Beyond the Established Legal Orders Policy Interconnections Between the Eu and the Rest of the World pp. 1-9
Koutrakos, P. (2010). Habemus European External Action Service. EUROPEAN LAW REVIEW, 35(5), pp. 607-608
Koutrakos, P. (2010). I. External relations. International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 59(2), pp. 481-489. doi:10.1017/S0020589310000096
[publisher’s website]
Hillion, C. and Koutrakos, P. (2010). Introduction. Mixed Agreements Revisited the Eu and Its Member States in the World pp. xix-xxi
Koutrakos, P. (2010). The Notion of Necessity in the Law of the European Union. Netherlands Yearbook of International Law, 41, pp. 193-218. doi:10.1007/978-90-6704-737-1_8
[publisher’s website]
Koutrakos, P. (2009). Case C-205/06, commission v. Austria, judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 3 March 2009, not yet reported; Case C-249/06, commission v. Sweden, judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 3 March 2009. Common Market Law Review, 46(6), pp. 2059-2076
[publisher’s website]
Koutrakos, P. (2008). The United Nations and the European Union: An ever stronger partnership. COMMON MARKET LAW REVIEW, 45(2), pp. 594-596
Koutrakos, P. (2008). Primary law and policy in EU external relations – moving away from the big picture. European Law Review, 33, pp. 666-686
Koutrakos, P. (2007). Annotation on Case C-94/03 Commission v Council (re: Rotterdam Convention) and Case C-178/03 Commission v Parliament and Council (re: export of hazardous waste). Common Market Law Review, 44, pp. 171-194
Koutrakos, P. (2006). The European Union and conflict prevention; Policy and legal aspects. COMMON MARKET LAW REVIEW, 43(5), pp. 1476-1478
Koutrakos, P. (2004). External economic relations and foreign policy in the European Union. COMMON MARKET LAW REVIEW, 41(1), pp. 276-278
Koutrakos, P. (2004). Annotation on Case C-29/99 Commission v Council (re: Nuclear Safety Convention). Common Market Law Review, 41, pp. 191-208
Koutrakos, P. (2003). Constitutional idiosyncrasies and political realities: the emerging defence policy of the European Union. The Columbia Journal of European Law, 10, pp. 69-96
Koutrakos, P. (2003). ‘I Need to Hear You Say It’ – Revisiting the scope of the Common Commercial Policy. Yearbook of European Law, 22, pp. 407-433
Koutrakos, P. (2003). How far is far enough? EC law and the organisation of the armed forces after Dory. The Modern Law Review, 66, pp. 759-768
Koutrakos, P. (2003). Legal issues of EC-Cyprus Trade Relations. International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 52, pp. 489-498
[publisher’s website]
Koutrakos, P. (2003). In search of a common vocabulary in free movement of goods: the example of repackaging pharmaceuticals. European Law Review, 28, pp. 53-69
Koutrakos, P. (2002). The European Union's Foreign and Security Policy: A legal institutional perspective. COMMON MARKET LAW REVIEW, 39(2), pp. 419-421
Koutrakos, P. (2002). The elusive quest for uniformity in EC external relations. The Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies, 4, pp. 243-271
Koutrakos, P. (2002). The interpretation of mixed agreements under the preliminary reference procedure. European Foreign Affairs Review, 7, pp. 25-52
[publisher’s website]
Koutrakos, P. (2002). Managing the BSE crisis – legal issues. European Current Law, (July), pp. xi-xiv
Koutrakos, P. (2001). On groceries, alcohol and olive oil: more on free movement of goods after Keck. European Law Review, 26, pp. 391-407
Koutrakos, P. (2000). Is Article 297 EC a ‘reserve of sovereignty. Common Market Law Review, 37, pp. 1339-1362
[publisher’s website]
Koutrakos, P. (2000). The reform of the common rules on exports of dual-use goods under the law of the European Union. European Journal of Law Reform, 2, pp. 167-189
Koutrakos, P. (2000). EC law and equal treatment in the armed forces. European Law Review, 25, pp. 433-442
Koutrakos, P. (1999). Exports of dual-use Goods under the law of the European Union: an overview (in Greek). Nomiko Vima, 47, pp. 1653-1660
Koutrakos, P. (1998). Exports of Dual-Use Goods under the Law of the European Union. European Law Review, 23, pp. 235-251
Koutrakos, P. (1993). American legal realism and the interpretation of law (in Greek). Applications of Public Law (Efarmoges Dimosiou Dikaiou), 6, pp. 321-341

Report

Koutrakos, P. (2017). The European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy After the Treaty of Lisbon. Stockholm: Swedish Institute for European Policy Studies. ISBN 9789186107734.